![]() The children were then asked to express a preference for the dolls by deciding which were "prettier," "better," or which ones they "liked best." The results showed that the majority of black children preferred the white dolls and at times even rejected black dolls in tears, suggesting that racial prejudice and self-hatred was learned at an early age. In Clark's famous "doll test," black children between three and seven years old were shown four dolls-two black and two white-and asked to first identify their race. The professor and social psychologist Kenneth Bancroft Clark devised a simple test that proved to be a powerful weapon in the NAACP's struggle to end segregation in public schools. The protesters carry American flags alongside placards declaring racial mixing to be "communism" and "the march of the antichrist"-a fascinating and disturbing mix of patriotism, prejudice, and fear. ![]() This photograph shows an anti-integration rally in Little Rock, Arkansas, on 20 August 1959. As a result, it also initiated a struggle between a government now obligated to integrate all public schools and recalcitrant communities determined to maintain the status quo. Board of Education began the process of unraveling more than half a century of federally sanctioned discrimination against African Americans. ![]() By overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessey v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas declared school segregation unconstitutional and paved the way for the civil rights achievements of the 1960s. history, the 1954 Supreme Court case Brown v. ![]() One of the most important legal decisions in U.S. Miscellaneous Occupations and Realms of Renownīefore 1400: The Ancient and Medieval Worldsġ400–1774: The Age of Exploration and the Colonial Eraġ775–1800: The American Revolution and Early Republicġ801–1860: The Antebellum Era and Slave Economyġ877–1928: The Age of Segregation and the Progressive Eraġ929–1940: The Great Depression and the New Dealġ941–1954: WWII and Postwar Desegregation Exploration, Pioneering, and Native Peoples ![]()
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